How a sheet is told what it measures, and which scale wins when more than one applies.
Every measurement on a page comes from that page's scale. Nothing measures correctly until the scale is right, and nothing warns you that it is wrong, because a wrong scale produces perfectly plausible numbers.
Scale can be set three ways, and they are the same editor reached from different places:
When something is measured, the app takes the first scale it finds, in this order:
A layer scale is therefore an override, not an addition. Setting one does not combine with the page's scale; it replaces it for everything measured on that layer.